Construction of predictive model for pregnancy-related anxiety risk in pregnant women based on LASSO regression / 环境与职业医学

Background Pregnancy-related anxiety has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of pregnant women and the normal growth and development of the fetus. Establishing prediction models for pregnancy-related anxiety to screen associated predictive factors may provide important opportunities for prenatal intervention. Objective To establish a prediction model of pregnancy-related anxiety risk of pregnant women. Methods From January to July 2021, a questionnaire survey on pregnancy-related anxiety and predictors was conducted among pregnant women having routine prenatal check-ups provided by an obstetrics clinic of a tertiary grade A hospital in Ningxia. The socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects were collected, and the pregnant women were evaluated by the Life Event Scale (LES), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Family APGAR Index (APGAR), and Pregnancy-related Anxiety Questionnaire (PAQ). R 4.2.0 software was used to fit all selected variables by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to identify predictors of pregnancy-related anxiety in the second and third trimesters. On the basis of logistic regression analysis, prediction models of pregnancy-related anxiety in the second and third trimesters were constructed, and the model nomogram and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were drawn. The prediction effect of the model was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC). A calibration chart was drawn to evaluate the calibration of the model. Results A total of 1500 questionnaires were distributed, and 1448 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 96.53%. Among the 1448 pregnant women, the overall positive rate of pregnancy-related anxiety was 28.80% (417/1448), and the positive rates in the second and third trimesters were 29.21% (276/935) and 27.49% (141/513), respectively. The predictors entering the the second trimester model were age of marriage, family care, social support, family expectations for the fetus, physical condition during pregnancy, and whether experiencing life stressful events during pregnancy. The predictors entering the the third trimester model were pregnancy intention, physical discomfort, and whether experiencing life stress during pregnancy. A risk prediction model of pregnancy-related anxiety for the second trimester was established: risk of pregnancy-related anxiety=−0.07× marriage age +0.12× family care −0.03× social support −0.65× family expectation of fetal sex +0.42× physical condition during pregnancy +0.47× whether experiencing life stressful events during pregnancy. A risk prediction model of pregnancy-related anxiety for the third trimester was established: risk of pregnancy-related anxiety=−5.69+0.82× pregnancy intention +1.06× physical discomfort +0.94× whether experiencing life stressful events during pregnancy. The ROC curves of the two models were drawn. The AUC of the second trimester model was 0.71, and the AUC of related validation model was 0.68. The AUC of the third trimester model was 0.72, and the AUC of related validation model was 0.66. Conclusion The risk prediction models of pregnancy-related anxiety constructed based on LASSO regression and logistic regression have good prediction ability, and they suggest that pregnant women in the second trimester with short marriage age, high family care, low social support, family expectations for fetal sex, average physical condition, and experiencing life stress during pregnancy, and pregnant women in the third trimester with spontaneous pregnant intention, unintended pregnancy, physical discomfort, and experiencing life stress during pregnancy are high-risk groups for pregnancy-related anxiety.

The impact and interaction of TLR2 and IRF-5 gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to neonatal sepsis / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the impact and interaction of Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF-5) gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to neonatal sepsis.Methods:A total of 78 cases of neonatal septicemia patients admitted to Baoding Children′s Hospital from July 2018 to August 2021 were prospectively selected as the study group, and 78 cases of healthy newborns in the same period were selected as the control group. The TLR2 and IRF-5 gene polymorphisms and the levels of inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] in different genotypes of infants were compared between the two groups. We evaluated the relationship between TLR2 and IRF-5 genotypes, inflammatory markers, and susceptibility to neonatal sepsis, and analyzed the interaction between their gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to neonatal sepsis.Results:There were significant differences in the distribution of TLR2 (rs3804099) and IRF-5 (rs2004640) loci genotype and Allele frequency between the two groups (all P<0.05); The serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in children with TLR2 (rs3804099) genotype TT genotype [(111.12±30.87)mg/L, (77.50±20.02)pg/ml, (40.27±11.31)pg/ml] were higher than those in children with CC/CT genotype [(72.46±24.51)mg/L, (54.18±17.65)pg/ml, (28.34±9.05)pg/ml], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels [(113.90±28.94)mg/L, TNF-α (79.84±19.82)pg/ml, IL-6 (41.05±11.49)pg/ml] in children with the IRF-5 (rs2004640) TT genotype were higher than those in children with the GG/GT genotype [(70.88±22.16)mg/L, (52.27±16.73)pg/ml, (27.96±9.75)pg/ml], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The TT genotypes at TLR2 (rs3804099) and IRF-5 (rs2004640) loci were positively correlated with serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels (all P<0.05); The TT genotypes at TLR2 (rs3804099) and IRF-5 (rs2004640) loci were independent risk factors for susceptibility to neonatal sepsis (all P<0.05); The TT genotype at the TLR2 (rs3804099) locus and the TT genotype at the IRF-5 (rs2004640) locus exhibited a positive interaction in susceptibility to neonatal sepsis ( OR=7.467, γ=1.728). Conclusions:TLR2 (rs3804099) TT genotype and IRF-5 (rs2004640) TT genotype significantly increase the susceptibility to neonatal sepsis, and there is a positive interaction between the two.

Pathogenic characteristics of bloodstream infections in patients with hematological diseases and the impact of stem cell transplantation on them / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pathogens causing bloodstream infection in hematology patients during treatment and to compare the effects of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) on them, so as to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of bloodstream infection. Methods A total of 292 cases with bloodstream infection in hematology wards of the PLA General Hospital were collected from 2017 to 2021, which were divided into HSCT group and N-HSCT group according to whether performed HSCT or not. The epidemiological characteristics and influence of pathogenic bacteria in blood stream infection were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results A total of 362 strains of pathogenic bacteria were collected from 292 cases, including 106 strains in HSCT group (84 cases) and 256 strains in N-HSCT group (208 cases). Bloodstream infections were more common in acute myeloid leukemia (130/392, 44.52%), followed by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (74/292, 25.34%). The rate of once bloodstream infection in HSCT group was higher than that in N-HSCT Group, but the rate of twice bloodstream infections in N-HSCT group was higher. Gram-negative Bacilli were the most common pathogens (56.08%), with Escherichia coli being absolutely dominant (109/362, 30.11%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (39/362, 10.77%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (107/362, 29.56%) were the most common Gram-positive cocci. The detection rate of fungi in HSCT group (10/106, 9.43%) was significantly higher than that in N-HSCT Group (3.52%). The drug resistance rate of the common pathogenic bacteria was at a high level, and there was a certain proportion of multi-drug resistant strains (except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The resistance rates of CoNS to penicillin, gentamicin, moxifloxacin, clindamycin and rifampicin in HSCT group were higher than those in N-HSCT Group. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to piperacillin/tazobactam, cephalosporins and etapenem in HSCT group was significantly higher than that in N-HSCT group. Conclusions The pathogens of blood stream infection in hematology patients are complicated and various. It is difficult for clinical diagnosis and treatment to detect multiple infections and multiple pathogens. HSCT patients have a higher risk of fungal bloodstream infection and more multi-drug resistant strains detected. Therefore, the identification of bloodstream infection and multi-drug resistant strains associated with HSCT patients should prompt surveillance.

Study on chemical compositions and hepatotoxicity of water extract and ethanol precipitate of processed products of Psoralea corylifolia / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the content changes of 5 chemical compositions in water extract and ethanol precipitate of different processed products of Psoralea corylifolia， and to preliminarily evaluate its hepatotoxicity. METHODS The water extracts from crude product of P. corylifolia and processed products by Leigong method， running water rinsing method， and salt stir-frying method were prepared， as well as the ethanol precipitates of processed products by Leigong method and salt stir-frying method were prepared. The contents of psoralenoside， isopsoralenoside， psoralen， isopsoralen and bakuchiol were determined by high- performance liquid chromatography and compared. The median lethal concentration （LC50） and maximum non-lethal concentration （MNLC） of each sample to wild-type zebrafish juveniles were calculated after 72 h of treatment with different concentrations of water extracts from raw product and processed products by running water rinsing method， Leigong method and salt stir-frying method， different concentrations of ethanol precipitates from processed products by Leigong method and salt stir-frying method， and the acetaminophen was used as the positive control. The basic morphology of wild-type zebrafish juveniles and the liver phenotype of transgenic zebrafish juveniles were observed after 72 h of treatment with the above samples （MNLC）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between component content and hepatotoxicity. RESULTS Compared with the water extract of raw products， the contents of psoralenoside and isopsoralenoside in the water extract of different processed products were generally decreased （P＜0.05）， while the contents of psoralen， isopsoralen and bakuchiol in the ethanol precipitate of Leigong method and salt stir-frying products were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. The LC50 of water extracts of crude product and processed products by running water rinsing method， Leigong method， salt stir-frying method， and ethanol precipitates of processed products by Leigong method and salt stir- frying method were 2.45， 5.00， 5.38， 1.55， 2.36， 0.64 g/L （calculated by crude drug）， and MNLC were 2.21， 4.53， 5.02， 1.37， 2.13， 0.53 g/L （calculated by crude drug）. Compared with the blank control group， the zebrafish juveniles in each sample treatment group showed different degrees of deformity， the liver relative fluorescence intensity was significantly weakened （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）. Fat-soluble components such as bakuchiol， isopsoralen and psoralen were highly correlated with liver fluorescence intensity （R 2＞0.7）. CONCLUSIONS The processed products of P. corylifolia mainly compose of psoralenoside and isopsoralenoside after water extraction， the contents of psoralen， isopsoralen and bakuchiol increase after alcohol precipitation， and the hepatotoxicity is positively correlated with the contents of liposoluble compositions in P. corylifolia.

Maxent modeling for predicting the global potential distribution of talaromycosis marneffei / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To predict the potential distribution of talaromycosis marneffei (TSM) and analyze its driving factors, so as to provide evidence for the surveillance and prevention of this disease. Methods　The data of all laboratory-confirmed, non-duplicating TSM published in the English and Chinese literature from the first case in January 1964 to December 2018 was collected. A Maxent ecology model using environmental variables, Rhizomys distribution and HIV/AIDS epidemic was developed to forecast ecological niche of TSM worldwide, as well as identify the driving factors. Results　A total of 705 articles (477 in Chinese and 228 in English) were obtained during the study period. After excluding imported cases, a total of 100 foci information were included in the model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of the model was 0.997 for the training set and 0.991 for the test set. Maxent model revealed that Rhizomys distribution, mean temperature of warmest quarter, precipitation of wettest month, HIV/AIDS epidemic and mean temperature of driest quarter were the top 5 important variables affecting TSM distribution. In addition to identifying traditional TSM endemic areas (South of the Yangtze River in China, Southeast Asian, North and Northeast India), other potential endemic areas were also identified, including parts of the North of the Yangtze River, Central America, West Coast of Africa, East Coast of South America, the Korean Peninsula and Japan. Conclusion　Our finding has discovered hidden high-risk areas and provided insights about driving factors of TSM distribution, which will help inform surveillance strategies and improve the effectiveness of public health interventions against TM infections.

Herbal Textual Research on Pruni Semen in Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

This article has systematically sorted out and verified the name， origin， producing area， quality evaluation， harvesting and processing of Pruni Semen by consulting ancient materia medica， medical books， prescription books and modern literature， in order to provide a basis for the development of famous classical formulas containing Pruni Semen. The results showed that Pruni Semen， as a medicinal material， has been widely used in medical literature of past dynasties since it was collected in Shennong Bencaojing， and also included under the names such as Yuhe， Yuzi and Yuli， and aliases such as Jueli， Queli and Chexiali. The primordial plants mentioned in the past dynasties involve about 12 species of Rosaceae， but with Prunus humilis， P. japonica and P. glandulosa as mainstream varieties used in the past dynasties， while the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that the basal plants are P. humilis， P. japonica and P. pedunculata. Most of the ancient records for the origin of Pruni Semen are found everywhere in high mountains， valleys and hills， modern literature records that its origin varies according to its base， for example， P. humilis and P. japonica are mainly produced in Hebei， eastern Inner Mongolia， Liaoning， Shandong and other regions of China， and P. pedunculata is mainly produced in Inner Mongolia. Modern literature summarizes its quality as faint yellow， full and fulfilling， neat and not broken， and non-oiling， and the small Pruni Semen is better than the big Pruni Semen. The ancient processing methods of Pruni Semen mainly include blanching and peeling， blanching and peeling followed by frying， and blanching and peeling followed by pounding， with the common feature of blanching and peeling. The successive editions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulate that it should be pounded when used. Based on the results of the herbal textual research and the writing time of Bianzhenglu， and combined with the market survey of Pruni Semen， it is suggested that P. humilis or P. japonica should be used as the origin of Pruni Semen in Sanpiantang， and it is harvested when the fruits are ripe， the kernels are collected by removing the stones， and processed by blanching， peeling and pounding consulting the decoction method in the current edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization technique to verify the clonalities of non-clonal cytogenetic abnormalities identified in Myelodysplastic syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique for the verification of the clonalities of non-clonal cytogenetic abnormalities (n-CCA) identified by conventional chromosome banding analysis (CBA) in patients with Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).@*METHODS@#Clinical data and results of karyotyping and FISH assays for 91 patients of MDS with n-CCA identified by CBA were retrospectively analyzed. In total 94 non-clonal +8, 5q-, -7/7q- or 20q- were detected by CBA, among which 43 (45.7%) were verified to be clonal abnormalities by FISH.@*RESULTS@#The detection rates for +8, 5q-, -7/7q- and 20q- by FISH were 47.6% (30/63), 25% (2/8), 41.7% (5/12), 40% (2/5) and 66.7% (4/6), respectively, with the positive cells accounting for 4% to 90% of all counted cells, with a median value of 7%. The 91 patients were divided into three groups including ≥ 20, 10 ~< 20 and < 10 based on the numbers of metaphase cells in CBA, and the detection rates by FISH for the three groups were 43.7% (31/71), 33.3% (3/9) and 63.6% (7/11), respectively, which showed no statistically difference (P > 0.05). Continuous CBA and FISH surveys were conducted for 26 patients who received supportive treatment, and the results revealed that 91.7% (11/12) of FISH-verified positive abnormalities had persisted, whereas 92.9% (13/14) of the n-CCA verified as negative by FISH was transient.@*CONCLUSION@#Nearly half of the CBA identified n-CCA have been verified as clonal aberrations by FISH, and the FISH detection rate showed no correlation with the number of metaphase cells. FISH test is strongly recommended for verifying the clonalities of n-CCA detected by CBA, and continuous cytogenetic survey of the patients with MDS is necessary.

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Viola plants / 中国中药杂志

There are 500 species of Viola(Violaceae) worldwide, among which 111 species are widely distributed in China and have a long medicinal history and wide varieties. According to the authors' statistics, a total of 410 compounds have been isolated and identified from plants of this genus, including flavonoids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids, nitrogenous compounds, sterols, saccharides and their derivatives, volatile oils and cyclotides. The medicinal materials from these plants boast anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activities. This study systematically reviewed the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Viola plants to provide a basis for further research and clinical application.

The mediating effect of perceived social support in the relationship between maternal personality traits and pregnancy-related anxiety / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: Exploring the mediating effect of perceived social support between the maternal personality traits and pregnancy-related anxiety. Methods: Singleton pregnant women who underwent antenatal checkups in the obstetrics department of general hospital affiliated to Ningxia Medical University from July to December 2021 were enrolled in this study to investigate perceived social support, pregnancy-related anxiety and conscious personality traits. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the association between the maternal personality traits, perceived social support, and pregnancy-related anxiety, and the mediating effect of perceived social support was analyzed using Bootstrap method. Results: A total of 1 259 subjects were included in the study, of which 170 (13.50%) pregnant women felt introverted. The total score of perceived social support was (46.37±8.38), and 31.45% of pregnant women had high perceived social support. The total score of pregnancy-related anxiety was (21.48±5.53). The score of worry about fetal health was (10.09±3.24), and 368 (29.23%) of pregnant women had pregnancy-related anxiety. Maternal personality traits and pregnancy-related anxiety were negatively correlated (r=-0.076, P<0.05) and positively correlated with perceived social support during pregnancy (r= 0.127, P<0.05). Perceived social support during pregnancy and pregnancy-related anxiety were negatively correlated (r=-0.236, P<0.05). Perceived social support partially mediated the relationship between the maternal personality traits and pregnancy-related anxiety, with a relative effect value of 37.50%. Conclusion: The maternal personality traits, level of perceived social support and pregnancy-related anxiety are all related. Perceived social support could mediate the relationship between the maternal personality traits and pregnancy-related anxiety.

Combined analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed complex metabolic genes for diterpenoids biosynthesis in different organs of Anoectochilus roxburghii / 中草药·英文版

OBJECTIVE@#Diterpenoids with a wide variety of biological activities from Anoectochilus roxburghii, a precious medicinal plant, are important active components. However, due to the lack of genetic information on the metabolic process of diterpenoids in A. roxburghii, the genes involved in the molecular regulation mechanism of diterpenoid metabolism are still unclear. This study revealed the complex metabolic genes for diterpenoids biosynthesis in different organs of A. roxburghii by combining analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics.@*METHODS@#The differences in diterpenoid accumulation in roots, stems and leaves of A. roxburghii were analyzed by metabonomic analysis, and its metabolic gene information was obtained by transcriptome sequencing. Then, the molecular mechanism of differential diterpenoid accumulation in different organs of A. roxburghii was analyzed from the perspective of gene expression patterns.@*RESULTS@#A total of 296 terpenoid metabolites were identified in the five terpenoid metabolic pathways in A. roxburghii. There were 38, 34, and 18 diterpenoids with different contents between roots and leaves, between leaves and stems, and between roots and stems, respectively. Twenty-nine metabolic enzyme genes with 883 unigenes in the diterpenoid synthesis process were identified, and the DXS and FDPS in the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis stage and CPA, GA20ox, GA3ox, GA2ox, and MAS in the diterpenoid biosynthesis stage were predicted to be the key metabolic enzymes for the accumulation of diterpenoids. In addition, 14 key transcription factor coding genes were predicted to be involved in the regulation of the diterpenoid biosynthesis. The expression of genes such as GA2ox, MAS, CPA, GA20ox and GA3ox might be activated by some of the 14 transcription factors. The transcription factor NTF-Y and PRE6 were predicted to be the most important transcription factors.@*CONCLUSION@#This study determined 29 metabolic enzyme genes and predicted 14 transcription factors involved in the molecular regulation mechanism of diterpenoid metabolism in A. roxburghii, which provided a reference for the further study of the molecular regulation mechanism of the accumulation of diterpenoids in different organs of A. roxburghii.

Value of indocyanine green clearance test combined with total bilirubin actual resident rate in evaluating the short-term prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure after artificial liver support system therapy / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To establish a new model of indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test combined with total bilirubin actual resident rate (TBARR) for predicting the short-term prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) treated with artificial liver support system (ALSS) therapy. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 136 patients with HBV-ACLF who underwent ALSS therapy in Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, from June 2017 to July 2021, and according to the prognosis at 3-month follow-up, they were divided into survival group with 92 patients and death group with 44 patients. Related indicators were measured at the time of the confirmed diagnosis of ACLF, including biochemical parameters, coagulation, indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (ICGR 15 ), and effective hepatic blood flow (EHBF), and related indices were calculated, including Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, MELD difference (ΔMELD), Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score, total bilirubin clearance rate (TBCR), total bilirubin rebound rate (TBRR), and TBARR. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data with skewed distribution between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to establish a combined predictive model for the prognosis of HBV-ACLF after ALSS therapy. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to compare the accuracy of various models in judging the short-term prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF after ALSS therapy, and the Z test was used for comparison of AUC. Results There were significant differences between the death group and the survival group in MELD score, ΔMELD, CTP score, ICGR 15 , EHBF, TBRR, TBARR, neutrophil count, percentage of neutrophils, lymphocyte count, platelet count, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, total bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, prothrombin time activity, prealbumin, fibrinogen, serum sodium, age, and the incidence rate of hepatic encephalopathy (all P 80%. Conclusion The combined predictive model established by ICGR 15 and TBARR has a good value for in predicting the short-term prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF after ALSS therapy, and the combined predictive model has a better accuracy than the single model in judging prognosis.

Wearable sensing, big data technology for cardiovascular healthcare: current status and future prospective / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Wearable technology, which can continuously and remotely monitor physiological and behavioral parameters by incorporated into clothing or worn as an accessory, introduces a new era for ubiquitous health care. With big data technology, wearable data can be analyzed to help long-term cardiovascular care. This review summarizes the recent developments of wearable technology related to cardiovascular care, highlighting the most common wearable devices and their accuracy. We also examined the application of these devices in cardiovascular healthcare, such as the early detection of arrhythmias, measuring blood pressure, and detecting prevalent diabetes. We provide an overview of the challenges that hinder the widespread application of wearable devices, such as inadequate device accuracy, data redundancy, concerns associated with data security, and lack of meaningful criteria, and offer potential solutions. Finally, the future research direction for cardiovascular care using wearable devices is discussed.

A review of the impact of school based interventions on cardiovascular metabolic risk in children / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#School based lifestyle interventions have many advantages, which can effectively reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity, improve children and their families knowledge of overweight and obesity, and enhance their cognition of behaviors related to energy balance. Moreover, it can improve the level of cardiometabolic risk (CMR). By searching PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases, the article review the effects of school based physical activity and dietary interventions on children s blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, and other CMR indicators, and analyze the differences among different groups of people, such as gender, age, and race, in order to provide the evidence for future school based intervention studies on overweight and obesity in children.

Mortality and years of life lost of pancreatic cancer in Baoshan District of Shanghai from 2009 to 2021 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo investigate the mortality and years of life lost of pancreatic cancer in Baoshan District of Shanghai，from 2009 to 2021， and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of pancreatic cancer in the future. MethodsThe death surveillance data of Baoshan District from 2009 to 2021 were collected from the Shanghai chronic disease surveillance information management system. Crude mortality， standardized mortality，potential years of life lost （PYLL）， potential years of life lost rate （PYLLR） ， average years of potential life lost （AYLL） ， annual percentage change （APC） were calculated to analyze the trend of mortality and life loss of pancreatic cancer. ResultsFrom 2009 to 2021， a total of 2117 deaths of pancreatic cancer were reported in Baoshan District， accounting for 7.05% of all cancer deaths. The average age of the death cases was （71.18±10.97）years. The youngest was 3 years old and the oldest was 96 years old. The death component ratio of pancreatic cancer increased with time （P<0.05）， and the average death age of women was higher than that of men （P<0.05）. The crude mortality of pancreatic cancer was 17.38/105 in Baoshan District from 2009 to 2021， showing a rising tendency （P<0.05） with APC of 3.74%. The standardized mortality of pancreatic cancer was 7.84/105. The crude mortality of pancreatic cancer was 19.71/105 in men and 14.89/105 in women， both showed a tendency towards a rise （P<0.05 ） with APC of 4.44% and 2. 89%， respectively. The crude mortality of pancreatic cancer showed a tendency towards a decline in residents at ages of 45 to 60 years （ P<0.05 ）， with APC of 4.74%. The PYLL and PYLLR of pancreatic cancer were 8 115 person-years and 0.67‰ in Baoshan District from 2009 to 2021， while the AYLL of pancreatic cancer was 3.83 years per person. The PYLL was higher in men than in women. ConclusionThe mortality rate of pancreatic cancer in Baoshan District shows an increasing trend. The healthy life of elderly and men is affected largely by pancreatic cancer. It is necessary to strengthen the health education on the prevention/control of pancreatic cancer and healthy life style， thereby improving the tertiary prevention system of pancreatic cancer.

Determination of iodine in salt by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To establish a method for determination of iodine in salt by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Methods:The content of iodine in salt was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry with an automatic iodine analyzer. The standard curve linearity, detection limit, precision and accuracy of the method were evaluated. The iodine content of 20 edible salt samples was detected by the newly established method and direct titration, and the results were compared.Results:In the range of 0 - 150 μg/L standard curve, the correlation coefficient ( r) = - 0.999 9, and the detection limit was 1.4 mg/kg. The average iodine contents of iodine composition analysis standard materials GBW10006z and GBW10007z were 12.2 and 22.8 mg/kg ( n = 6), respectively, which were all within the given standard value ranges, and the relative standard deviations ( RSD) were 2.04% and 2.33%, respectively. Iodine composition analysis standard materials GBW10006b, GBW10007b, GBW10006v, GBW10007v, GBW10006z and GBW10007z measurement results (12.0, 24.6, 12.6, 22.8, 12.3, 23.2 mg/kg, n = 2) were all within the given standard value ranges, with good quality control. The iodine content of 20 edible salt samples was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry and direct titration, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( t = 1.99, P = 0.060). Conclusion:Arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry has the characteristics of good linear relationship, low detection limit, good precision and high accuracy in determination of salt iodine content, which is suitable for popularization and application.

Research hotspots and frontier trends in standardized residency training based on CiteSpace visual analysis software / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:By analyzing visually field of standardized residency training from 2008 to 2018, and exploring the field research hotspots and the frontier trend, to provide direction and reference for the field of standardized residency training in our country.Methods:Using CiteSpace visualized analysis software as a research tool, a statistical analysis was conducted on 1 120 pieces of literature in the field of standardized residency training retrieved from the core database of Web of Science.Results:The research strength of standardized residency training was mainly concentrated in the United States, with a total output of 697 papers, accounting for 62.23% of the total number of articles published in the past decade. High yield author Gillespie C published 8 papers, and highly cited author Aggarwal R's paper was cited 54 times. Acad Med, a highly cited journal, was cited the most frequently, with 470 citations in past 10 years. High frequency key words were "resident", "education", "performance", etc. Mutators included "system", "older adult", "operating room", and so on.Conclusion:The research hotspots in the field of standardized residency training in recent ten years include the teaching of residents, the assessment of clinical ability of residents, the standardized patients, etc. Frontier trends focus on resident self-assessment system, surgical training, resident professional core competences, etc.

Simultaneous determination of 10 components in Guanxinshutong capsules by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker / 药学学报

This study establishes a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method for the simultaneous determination of gallic acid, sodium danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, vanillin, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, eugenol, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA in Guanxinshutong capsules (Bambusae Concretio Silicea, Salvia miltiorrhiza, clove, borneol, Bambusae Concretio Silicea) by HPLC. Sample was loaded onto an Agilent C18 (ZORBAX Extend-RP C18, 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column and eluted with methanol-0.4% aqueous formic acid solution as a flow phase gradient, flow speed 1.0 mL·min-1, detection wavelength 280 nm, column temperature 35 ℃ and sample intake of 5 µL. Using protocatechuic acid as the internal reference, a relative correction factor was calculated and the durability was investigated, and the content of 10 components was calculated by QAMS and external standard method (ESM). The results show that the specificity, linear relationship, precision, repeatability, and stability of the 10 components were good. The average recovery was 98.20%-103.47% and RSD was 1.26%-2.84%. The relative positive factors and contents of the other nine components were calculated as gallic acid (0.759, 227.381), sodium tanshinol (3.630, 3.283), protocatechualdehyde (0.185, 0.150), vanillin (0.532, 65.213), rosmarinic acid (4.240, 1.035), salvianolic acid B (3.245, 18.204), eugenol (1.729, 9.265), cryptotanshinone (0.691, 1.449), and tanshinone ⅡA (0.702, 1.939). The results of QAMS were consistent with ESM analysis, and the relative error was between -3% and 3%. This method is stable and reliable, and can be used for the determination of 10 components in Guanxinshutong capsules.

Dental stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of diseases / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Dental stem cells (DSCs), an important source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), can be easily obtained by minimally invasive procedures and have been used for the treatment of various diseases. Classic paradigm attributed the mechanism of their therapeutic action to direct cell differentiation after targeted migration, while contemporary insights into indirect paracrine effect opened new avenues for the mystery of their actual low engraftment and differentiation ability in vivo. As critical paracrine effectors, DSC-derived extracellular vesicles (DSC-EVs) are being increasingly linked to the positive effects of DSCs by an evolving body of in vivo studies. Carrying bioactive contents and presenting therapeutic potential in certain diseases, DSC-EVs have been introduced as promising treatments. Here, we systematically review the latest in vivo evidence that supports the therapeutic effects of DSC-EVs with mechanistic studies. In addition, current challenges and future directions for the clinical translation of DSC-EVs are also highlighted to call for more attentions to the (I) distinguishing features of DSC-EVs compared with other types of MSC-EVs, (II) heterogeneity among different subtypes of DSC-derived EVs, (III) action modes of DSC-EVs, (IV) standardization for eligible DSC-EVs and (V) safety guarantee for the clinical application of DSC-EVs. The present review would provide valuable insights into the emerging opportunities of DSC-EVs in future clinical applications.

Research Progress of Physiologic Parameters Monitoring Technology for Critical Neonates / 中国医疗器械杂志

Physiological parameter monitoring is essential to medical staff to evaluate, diagnose and treat patients in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Monitoring in NICU includes basic vital signal monitoring and functional monitoring. Basic vital signal monitoring (including ECG, respiration, SpO2, blood pressure, temperature) is advanced and focus on study of usability, continuity and anti-interference. Functional monitoring (including respiratory function, circulatory function, cerebral function) still focus on study of monitoring precision and reliability. Meanwhile, video monitoring and artifact intelligence have presented well performance on improving monitoring precision and anti-interference. In this article, the main parameters and relevant measurement technology for monitoring critical neonates were described.

V-Y advancement flap for treatment of children with foot spoke injury: Report of 8 cases / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of V-Y advancement flap in the treatment of foot spoke injury in children.Methods:Clinical data of 8 patients, including 6 males and 2 females aged 2.5-5.0 (mean, 3.5) years old with foot spoke injury admitted to the Third Ward of Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xingtai General Hospital of North China Medical and Health Group from June 2019 to October 2021, were analysed retrospectively. Soft tissue defect around achilles tendon was 2.0 cm×3.0 cm-2.5 cm×4.0 cm. The size of the flap was 2.5 cm×3.5 cm-3.0 cm×4.5 cm. All patients underwent emergency debridement followed by V-Y advancement flap repair, and direct suture of the skin and tissues at donor site. The blood supply, survival and healing of flap of donor site were observed after operation. The shape of the heel and the functional recovery of the affected limb were examined on regular basis at the outpatient clinic.Results:All 8 flaps survived and the wounds had primary healing. The patients entered the follow-up for 6-12 months, with an average of 8 months. The texture and colour of the flap recipient site were good. The shape of the flap pedicle, the donor site and recipient site were satisfactory. The shoes wearing of the affected foot were not affected after surgery. The ankle function was good. The average extension was 25.8°(20°-30°), plantar flexion 32.5°(25°-40°), and the foot sensation and motion were close to normal. The average foot function score on American Association on Foot and Ankle Surgery(AOFAS) was 91.7±6.4. Five cases were excellent and 3 were good.Conclusion:The V-Y advancement flap demonstrates an ideal alternative method for treatment of small area of soft tissue defect around Achilles tendon, due to the simple operation, satisfactory shape of flap after repair, and favorable limb function.